Exhaust-valve for steam-engines.



H. O. HEM.

Patented Jan. 14, 1913.

YVUNTTE STATES PATEN T GFFTQE.

HALVOR O. HEM,` OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI. EXHAUST-VALVE FOR STEAM-EN GINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February l2, 1912.

journal openings or sockets 5 and the head between said sockets is cut away to provide upper, lower and intermediate bridges 6, 8, and respectively, the faces of said bridges being Hush with and of the same curvaturev as the sockets 5. The chamber 3, lies between the upper and intermediate and the exhaust passage 4 communicates with the space between the lower and intermediate bri ges.

9 is the valve having a body portion l0, of tshape in cross section, and cylindrical trunnions ll. The valve is arranged with its ends journaled in sockets 5, and when it is closed the opposite ends of the head of the T-shaped body engage the bridges 6 and 8 and close communication between the interior of the cylinder and chamber 3 and exhaust passage 4, and the outer end of the stem of the body engag'es the intermediate bridge 7 and closes communication between said chamber and the exhaust passage, it

eing also noted that the fiat or inner face of the head of the T-shaped body lies in the 1,050,537. Patented J an. 14, 1913.

Serial No. 677,153.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HALvoR O. HEM, a citizen of the United States, residing at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State of Missouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Exhaust- Valves for Steam-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

his invention relates to engines and more especially to that class in which the piston movement is effected by fluid pressure.

Heretofore a large portion of the steam entering the cylinder of an engine has been condensed upon coming in contact with the internal surface of the cylinder, whose temperature has been approximately reduced to that of the exhaust steam. To minimize this loss of steam by condensation is desirable and my primary object is to produce a cylinder and valve which presents a surface for contact with the exhaust steam of less area than any other engine of equal capacity of which T have knowledge.

A further object is to produce a cylinder and valve of such construction that the pressure of the iiuid shall be utilized in maintaining a tight joint between the cylinder and valve for the purpose of preventing loss of power through leakage of fluid.

Another object is to provide a valve having a plurality of ports so that it shall need to move but a short distance to open fully and permit the exhaust fluid to quickly escape from the cylinder.

`With these objects in view, the invention head 2, and thus reduces the area of the surface cooled by exhaust steam and diminishes loss by condensation to a proportionate degree.

he spaces lying between the ends of the valve and at opposite sides of the stem of the T-shaped body thereof, are numbered l2 and 13, and respectively constitute peripheral pockets for establishing communication when th chamber 3 and the exhaust passage 4, and the interior of the cylinder and passage, so that iuid may pass by two paths from the cylinder to the exhaust passage. Preferably the inner ends of the trunnions ll are dished at 14, so that, when th closed, said dished portions shall lie iiush -h and constitute port-ions of the inner surface of the cylinder, the arrangement that when the valve t e piston, not shown, may enter the space of the valve lying between said dished portions 14.

When the piston approaches the head, the valve is opened substantially as indicated by dotted lines, Fig. l, so that iiuid in advance of the piston is free to escape above ings, in which` Figure l, is a fragmentary vertical section of a cylinder and valve embodying my invention. Fig. 2, is an inner face view of the valve on a reduced scale,.a part of the cylinder being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 3, is a plan view of the valve when in its closed posit-ion.

In the said drawings, l indicates the body of the cylinder and 2, a head thereof, said head being provided with a chamber 3, and an exhaust passage 4. Formed conjointly in the head and cylinder are alined circular above the valve entering chamber 23, and

vention, l do not desire to be restricted to the exact details ot construction shown and described as obvious modifications will suggest themselves to one skilled in the art.

l claim:

l. il cylinder provided with a head having an exhaust port and an oscillatory valve controlling said exhaust port, and provided with a ilat tace; said valve being so arranged. that its tace when the exhaust port is closedj lies approximately vflush with and in etleet terms a part oi the inner tace ot the cylinder head.

Q. il cylinder provided with a head having a chamber, an exhaust passage, a bridge between the interior et the cylinder and said chamber, a bridge between the interior o the cylinder and the exhaust passage, and bridge between the said chamber and the exhaust passage, and an oscillatory valve suitably joiirnaled and bearing against said bridges and provided with a peripheral pceket communicating with the said chainber and with peripheral pocket commu nicatin with the exhaust passage.

i., cylinder provided with a head having a chamber, an exhaust passage, a bridge between the interior of the cylinder and the exhaustiassage, and a bridge between the said chamber and the exhaust passage, and an oscillatcry valve suitably journaled and bearing a, ainst said bridges and provided with peripheral pocket communicating with the said chamber and with a periph n neck-et communicating with the exhaust s1 said valve also having a 'tlat inner nd below the valve, the Vfluid which passes thence passing through pocket l2 to the l.. and the fluid escaping below the *ng through pocket 'lil into pasit will thus be seen that the l'luid can escape rapidly at the proper time. the valve et ccurse closing at a suitable time be- :tore the piston completes its stroke to retain a suitable amount ot steam in the cylinder :tor ccmpressicn. The body et the valve is T-shaped in cross section so that when the valve is closed its inner tace lies in the saine vertical plane as and terms a part ot the cylinder head. lflie ends or trunnions are preferably dislied so that when the valve is closed the dislied portions 'torni an integral part et the inner surtace oit the cylinder and thus avoid the production ot any pockets or unnecessary surface which would have a tendency te increase cylinder condensation. lllhen this valve is used as an inlet valve on air or gas compressors the piston can closely approach the cylinder head and effect the completest possible evacuation ot air or gas so as to get the greatest volumetric ethciency possible. rThe dishing of the inner portions ot the trunnions is not necessary when the valve is used on a steam cylinder, as the trunnicns can be cut away in manner to avoid interference with the piston it apiaches the cylinder head.

i will be Observed tliiat when the valve is cle c i the prc ire ot iluid against its inner sui-'tace tends to wedge it tightly against the bridges, (3, i, and 8 because it tapers euttace which when the valve is closed, lies ap- `wardly troni the upper and lower margins proiinnately tlush with and 'terms an intepart et the inner tace oit the said cylinder head.

and this wedgiiig o t" its ilat ci' inner tace,

the valve and action continues te exist as bridges wear under service. lt 'will also be el. il cylinder arovided with transversely understood that eventually the wear may be extending alined circular sockets formed cciijeintly in its body and its head and in the latter with a chamber and an exhaust passage, the head being provided between the chamber and the interior ot the cylinder with a bridge and between the exhaust passage and the interior et the cylinder with a second bridge and between said chamber and the exhaust passage with an intermediate bric and valve provided with cylindrical ti'unnicns journaled in said sockets and with a nlshaped body between said trunnions, the head ot said body having a. vdat inner tace iii said trunnions and its ends normally engag ing the tirst pair et bric ges mentioned, and the stem ot said body normally engaging the said intermediate bridge and 'forming a partition between the said chamber and the exhaustr` passage, the said trunnions being dished at their inner ends te accommodate the piston when the same has completed its stroke toward the valve and the latter occupies its closed. posit-ion.

such that tluid may leak between bridge (i and the valve into chamber 3 and peripheral pocket l), but such leakage is not seriously objectionable because the valve under the downward and outward. pressure ot the tluid is held with a fluid tight joint against bridges 7 and 8. Furthermore it steam leaks Ainto chamber and pocket l2, it escapes upon the following opening nievenient or the valve and cannot pass back inte the cylinder and by mining with the steam therein tend to condense it, it being obvious that the greatest pressure upon the valve is downward and outward as above stated because the pressure is naturally toward the exhaust passage opposite the unbalanced. area or surface cit the valve.

From the above description 'it will be tu parent that l have produced an engine embodying the iteatnres oli advantage enumerated as desirable, and l wish it to be understoed that while l have illustrated and described the preferred embodiment of the inthe plane ot the axes ot l 5. A cylinder provided with a head having an exhaust port, and an oscillatory valve controlling said exhaust port and of substantially semioiroular .form in Cross section, the rounded or curved face engaging the head at opposite sides of the exhaust port and having a pocket normally between said points of engagement and in communication with said exhaust port and when the valve is open establishing communication between lo In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in the presence of two witnesses.

HALVOR O. HEM. Witnesses HELEN C. RoDGERs,

Y. THORPE.

M Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

` Washington, D. C. 

